SPEC CPU2017 Platform Settings for Sugon Systems
- Sugon Performance Profile:
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Sugon Performance Profile is designed for customers who need an easy way to optimize BIOS settings according to their application scenarios. The option could be set as "Disabled", "Computing Throughput Mode", "Computing Latency Mode", "Memory Bandwidth Mode", "Energy Efficient Mode", "Java Application Mode", and "High Reliability Mode". Default = "High Reliability Mode".
- "Disabled" switch off this option. When set as "Disabled", this feature is not available for customers.
- "Computing Throughput Mode" makes the BIOS tuned for throughput-sensitive application scenarios automatically.
- "Computing Latency Mode"makes the BIOS tuned for latency-sensitive application scenarios automatically.
- "Memory Bandwidth Mode" makes the BIOS tuned for memory bandwidth sensitive application scenarios automatically.
- "Energy Efficient Mode"makes the BIOS tuned for Power Efficiency application scenarios automatically.
- "Java Application Mode"makes the BIOS tuned for latency-sensitive application scenarios automatically.
- "High Reliability Mode"makes the BIOS tuned for conservative and high reliability usage.
- C-States:
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C-states reduce CPU idle power. There are three options in this mode: Legacy, Autonomous, Disable.
- Legacy: When "Legacy" is selected, the operating system initiates the C-state transitions. For E5/E7 CPUs, ACPI C1/C2/C3 map to Intel C1/C3/C6. For 6500/7500 CPUs, ACPI C1/C3 map to Intel C1/C3 (ACPI C2 is not available). Some OS SW may defeat the ACPI mapping (e.g. intel_idle driver).
- Autonomous: When "Autonomous" is selected, HALT and C1 request get converted to C6 requests in hardware.
- Disable: When "Disable" is selected, only C0 and C1 are used by the OS. C1 gets enabled automatically when an OS autohalts.
- C1 Enhanced Mode:
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Enabling C1E (C1 enhanced) state can save power by halting CPU cores that are idle.
- Turbo Mode:
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Enabling turbo mode can boost the overall CPU performance when all CPU cores are not being fully utilized. A CPU core can run above its rated frequency for a short perios of time when it is in turbo mode.
- Hyper-Threading:
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Enabling Hyper-Threading let operating system addresses two virtual or logical cores for a physical presented core. Workloads can be shared between virtual or logical cores when possible. The main function of hyper-threading is to increase the number of independent instructions in the pipeline for using the processor resources more efficiently.
- Execute Disable Bit:
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The execute disable bit allows memory to be marked as executable or non-executable when used with a supporting operating system. This can improve system security by configuring the processor to raise an error to the operating system when code attempts to run in non-executable memory.
- DCA:
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DCA capable I/O devices such as network controllers can place data directly into the CPU cache, which improves response time.
- Hardware P-states:
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This setting allows the user to select between OS and hardware-controlled P-states. Selecting Native Mode allows the OS to choose a P-state. Selecting Out of Band Mode
allows the hardware to autonomously choose a P-state without OS guidance. Selecting Native Mode with No Legacy Support functions as Native Mode with no support for older
hardware.
- Per Core P-state:
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When per-core P-states are enabled, each physical CPU core can operate at separate frequencies. If disabled, all cores in a package will operate at the highest resolved frequency of all active threads.
- CPU Frequency Limits:
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The maximum turbo frequency can be restricted with turbo limiting to a frequency that is between the maximum turbo frequency and the rated frequency for the CPU installed.
- Energy Efficient Turbo:
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When energy efficient turbo is enabled, the CPU's optimal turbo frequency will be tuned dynamically based on CPU utilization.
- MONITOR/MWAIT:
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MONITOR/MWAIT instructions are used to engage C-states.
- Sub-NUMA Cluster (SNC):
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SNC breaks up the last level cache (LLC) into disjoint clusters based on address range, with each cluster bound to a subset of the memory controllers in the system. SNC improves average latency to the LLC and memory. SNC is a replacement for the cluster on die (COD) feature found in previous processor families. For a multi-socketed system, all SNC clusters are mapped to unique NUMA domains. (See also IMC interleaving.) Values for this BIOS option can be:
- Disabled: The LLC is treated as one cluster when this option is disabled
- Enabled: Utilizes LLC capacity more efficiently and reduces latency due to core/IMC proximity. This may provide performance improvement on NUMA-aware operating systems
- IMC Interleaving:
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This BIOS option controls the interleaving between the Integrated Memory Controllers (IMCs). If 2 iMCs are 2-way interleaved, the channel population behind both iMCs must be identical. For iMCs in 1-way interleave, there are no requirements for matching across iMCs.
- XPT Prefetcher
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XPT prefetch is a mechanism that enables a read request that is being sent to the last level cache to speculatively issue a copy of that read to the memory controller prefetching
- UPI Prefetcher
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UPI prefetch is a mechanism to get the memroy read started early on DDR bus. The UPI receive path will spawn a memory read to the memory controller prefetcher.
- Patrol Scrub:
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Patrol Scrub is a memory RAS feature which runs a background memory scrub against all DIMMs. Can negatively impact performance.
- DCU Streamer Prefetcher:
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DCU (Level 1 Data Cache) streamer prefetcher is an L1 data cache prefetcher. Lightly threaded applications and some benchmarks can benefit from having the DCU streamer prefetcher enabled. Default setting is Enable.
- Stale A to S
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The in-memory directory has three states: invalid (I), snoopAll (A), and shared (S). Invalid (I) state means the data is clean and does not exist in any other socket`s cache. The snoopAll (A) state means the data may exist in another socket in exclusive or modified state. Shared (S) state means the data is clean and may be shared across one or more socket`s caches. When doing a read to memory, if the directory line is in the A state we must snoop all the other sockets because another socket may have the line in modified state. If this is the case, the snoop will return the modified data. However, it may be the case that a line is read in A state and all the snoops come back a miss. This can happen if another socket read the line earlier and then silently dropped it from its cache without modifying it. Values for this BIOS option can be:
- Disabled: Disabling this option allows the feature to process memory directory states as described above.
- Enabled: In the situation where a line in A state returns only snoop misses, the line will transition to S state. That way, subsequent reads to the line will encounter it in S state and not have to snoop, saving latency and snoop bandwidth.
Stale A to S may be beneficial in a workload where there are many cross-socket reads.
- LLC Dead Line Allocation
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In some Intel CPU caching schemes, mid-level cache (MLC) evictions are filled into the last level cache (LLC). If a line is evicted from the MLC to the LLC, the core can flag the evicted MLC lines as "dead." This means that the lines are not likely to be read again. This option allows dead lines to be dropped and never fill the LLC if the option is disabled. Values for this BIOS option can be:
- Disabled: Disabling this option can save space in the LLC by never filling MLC dead lines into the LLC.
- Enabled: Opportunistically fill MLC dead lines in LLC, if space is available.
- Intel Virtualization Technology:
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Intel Virtualization Technology allows a platform to run multiple operating systems and applications in independent partitions, so that one computer system can function as multiple virtual system. Default is disable.
- Hardware Prefethcer:
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When this option is enable, a dedicated hardware mechanism in the processor is supported to watch the stream of instructions or data being requested by the executing program, recognize the next few elements that the program might need based on this stream and prefetch into the processor's cache. The program with good instruction and data locality will benefit from this feature when this option is enable. Default is enable.
- Trusted Execution Technology:
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Enable Intel Trusted Execution Technology (Intel TXT). Default is disable.
- Cooling Policy
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The feature to configure "Cooling Policy" option is provided on BMC webpage. This option provides 4 choices: "Balance Mode", "Performance Mode", "Silent Mode" and "Manual Mode" and default is "Balance Mode".
- "Balance Mode" makes fan speed self-adjust actively according to the changes of temperature monitored by on-board temperature sensors.
- "Performance Mode" makes fan speed self-adjust more actively according to the changes of temperature monitored by on-board temperature sensors.
- "Silent Mode" makes fan speed self-adjust passively according to the changes of temperature monitored by on-board temperature sensors.
- "Manual Mode" allows customers setting a value as the duty percentage of fan speed. The value should be an integer in the range from 30 to 100. When set as 100, all of the fans are working at full speed. It is not recommanded to set duty percentage at a low level when there exists high workload on system.