Performance Summary:

Power Summary:

Power Details:

Validation Errors:

•   No Validation Errors Found

Power Measurement Configuration:

Physical Configuration:

Virtual Configuration:

Notes:

Physical System Notes

• Firmware settings used:
• Memory.PagePolicy=Adaptive
• Memory.PatrolScrub=Disable
• OperatingModes.ChooseOperatingMode=Maximum Performance
• Power.PlatformControlledType=Maximum Performance
• Processors.C1EnhancedMode=Disable
• Processors.CPUPstateControl=None
• Processors.CStates=Disable
• Processors.EnergyEfficientTurbo=Disable
• Processors.L0p=Disable
• Processors.L1=Disable

Storage Notes

• The System Under Test has 24 800GB internal SSDs configured as two RAID5 arrays with twelve disks each.
• One of the arrays contains the logical volume for the hypervisor OS that is booted.
• Each RAID disk has a large parition that is made into a volume group. The disks for the VMs are each allocated as a logical volume from one of the volume groups.

Virtualization Software Notes

• The following kernel boot options were used:
• audit=0 elevator=deadline hpet=disable clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable nohz=on highres=off cgroup_disable=cpu,cpuacct,memory,blkio,hugetlb intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pci=realloc nosoftlockup intel_idle.max_cstate=0 mce=ignore_ce nmi_watchdog=0 default_hugepagesz=1G hugepagesz=1G
• The following services were disabled after OS installation:
• irqbalance, postfix, smartd
• The following items were added in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/99-specvirt.conf:
• fs.aio-max-nr = 1572864
• kernel.perf_event_max_sample_rate = 250
• kernel.sched_compat_yield = 1
• kernel.sched_min_granularity_ns = 10000000
• kernel.sched_wakeup_granularity_ns = 10000000
• kernel.sched_latency_ns = 32000000
• kernel.sched_migration_cost_ns = 200000
• kernel.numa_balancing = 0
• vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
• vm.dirty_ratio = 10
• vm.swappiness = 0
• Configuration file /etc/modprobe.d/i40e.conf includes:
• blacklist i40evf
• options i40e max_vfs=0,0,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48
• Network configuration is as follows:
• Ethernet devices eth2, eth3, eth4, eth5, eth6, eth7, eth8, and eth9 are the physical functions that are used by the host to provide physical transport for the virtual functions.
• Kernel module i40e does not have a max_vfs option and ignores it. Instead, a systemd initialization script reads the max_vfs option from /etc/modprobe.d/i40e.conf and allocates the virtual functions.
• 326 virtual functions were used for all the VMs.
• Each VM is given a virtual function that is routed to the NUMA node to which the VM's VCPUs are pinned.
• 728 1GB huge pages were manually allocated on each NUMA node after the system was booted.
• IRQs for the disk interrupts were individually pinned to different CPUs so that they were distributed across the CPUs on the NUMA node to which the disk interrupts are routed.
• VM configurations are as follows:
• All VMs are managed with libvirt and created using the virsh utility.
• All VMs are created with the following XML template:
  •   <domain type='kvm'>
  •   <name>$vm_name</name>
  •   <memory unit='GiB'>$vm_memory</memory>
  •   <memoryBacking>
  •     <hugepages/>
  •   </memoryBacking>
  •   <vcpu cpuset='$host-cpu-list'>$vm_vcpus</vcpu>
  •   <os>
  •     <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type>
  •     <boot dev='hd'/>
  •   </os>
  •   <features>
  •     <acpi/>
  •   </features>
  •   <cpu mode='host-passthrough'>
  •     <topology sockets='1' cores='$vm_vcpus' threads='1'/>
  •   </cpu>
  •   <clock offset='variable' adjustment='0' basis=utc'>
  •     <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
  •     <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
  •     <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
  •   </clock>
  •   <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  •   <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  •   <on_crash>restart</on_crash>
  •   <devices>
  •     <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-kvm</emulator>
  •     <disk type='block' device='disk'>
  •     <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none' io='native'/>
  •     <source dev='$vm_disk'/>
  •     <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
  •     </disk>
  •     <interface type='hostdev' managed='yes'>
  •       <mac address='$mac'/>
  •     <source>
  •       <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='$bus' slot='$slot' function='$function'/>
  •     </source>
  •     </interface>
  •     <serial type='pty'>
  •     <target port='0'/>
  •     </serial>
  •     <console type='pty'>
  •     <target type='serial' port='0'/>
  •     </console>
  •     <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
  •     <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' keymap='en-us'/>
  •     <memballoon model='none'/>
  •   </devices>
  •   </domain>
• VMs are bound to host CPUs via their XML configuration in the following manner:
•   All VMs of tiles 04, 07, 10, 13, 20, 23, 26, 29, 36, 39, 42, 45, 52, 55, and 58 are bound to NUMA node 0.
•   All VMs of tiles 01, 08, 11, 14, 17, 24, 27, 30, 33, 40, 43, 46, 49, 56, and 59 are bound to NUMA node 1.
•   All VMs of tiles 02, 05, 12, 15, 18, 21, 28, 31, 34, 37, 44, 47, 50, 53, and 60 are bound to NUMA node 2.
•   All VMs of tiles 03, 06, 09, 16, 19, 22, 25, 32, 35, 38, 41, 48, 51, 54, and 57 are bound to NUMA node 3.
•   App, DB and Batch VMs of tile 61 are bound to NUMA node 0.
•   App and Batch VMs of tile 62 and Mail VMs of tiles 61 and 62 are bound to NUMA node 1.
•   Web and Infra VMs of tiles 61 are bound to NUMA node 2.
•   Web and Infra VMs of tiles 62 are bound to NUMA node 3.
• App VMs are reniced 5.
• Db VMs are reniced -15.
• Web VMs are reniced -19.
• Mail VMs are reniced 19.
• Infra VMs are reniced 19.
• Batch VMs are reniced -11.

Web Server VM Notes

• The following boot options were used:
• selinux=0 audit=0 elevator=deadline clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable highres=off watchdog=0
• The following services are disabled:
• abrt-ccpp, abrt-oops, abrtd, atd, auditd, autofs, certmonger, cgconfig, cgred, crond, cups, haldaemon, htcacheclean, httpd, ip6tables, iptables, irqbalance, kdump, mcelogd, mdmonitor, messagebus, netconsole, nfs, nfslock, numad, oddjobd, portreserve, postfix, psacct, quota_nld, rdisc, restorecond, rhnsd, rhsmcertd, rngd, rpcgssd, rpcsvcgssd, saslauthd, smartd, sssd, svnserve, winbind, ypbind
• The source code for the Intel kernel module i40evf version 2.0.22 was download from the official web site, built with the default configuration options, and installed.
• Created /sbin/ifup-local with the commands: ethtool -C eth0 adaptive-rx off adaptive-tx off rx-usecs 666; ethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on
• root file system options: barrier=0,noatime
• The tuned package was installed and activated with the virtual-guest profile.
• The following items were added in /etc/sysctl.conf:
• fs.file-max = 500000
• net.core.somaxconn = 81920
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 1500000
• net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse=1
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
• net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
• net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
• net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
• vm.swappiness = 0
• The following lines were added to /etc/security/limits.conf:
• * soft memlock unlimited
• * hard memlock unlimited
• The following commands were run before the benchmark was started:
• ulimit -n 1048576
• ulimit -u 1000000
• The php-fpm package was installed. /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf changes:
• user = nginx
• group = nginx
• pm.max_children = 700
• pm.start_servers = 100
• pm.min_spare_servers = 100
• pm.max_spare_servers = 200
• /etc/nginx/nginx.conf changes:
• worker_processes 4;
• worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0001 0010 0010;
• worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
• #error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
• use epoll;
• worker_connections 65535;
• multi_accept on;
• accept_mutex off;
• # log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
• # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
• # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
• log_format common '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request'
•   '"$status" $body_bytes_sent ';
• access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log.gz common gzip buffer=4m flush=1m;
• sendfile_max_chunk 1m;
• tcp_nopush on;
• tcp_nodelay on;
• keepalive_timeout 120;
• open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;
• open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
• open_file_cache_valid 30s;
• open_file_cache_errors on;
• charset utf-8;
• server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
• client_header_buffer_size 2k;
• large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
• /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf changes:
• listen 80 backlog=81920;
• location / {
•   root /var/www/html;
•   index index.html index.htm index.php;
• }
• location = /error.log {
•   root /var/log/nginx;
• }
• location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ {
•   root /var/www/html;
•   expires 100d;
• }
• location ~ ^/images/ {
•   root /var/www/html/support;
•   expires 100d;
• }
• location ~ .php$ {
•   root html;
•   fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
•   fastcgi_index index.php;
•   fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name;
•   include fastcgi_params;
• }
• /etc/nginx/conf.d/ssl.conf changes:
• listen 443 ssl backlog=81920;
• ssl on;
• ssl_certificate /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt;
• ssl_certificate_key /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key;
• ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
• ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW;
• ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
• location / {
•   root /var/www/html;
•   index index.html index.htm index.php;
• }
• location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ {
•   root /var/www/html;
•   expires 100d;
• }
• location ~ ^/images/ {
•   root /var/www/html/support;
•   expires 100d;
• }
• location ~ .php$ {
•   root html;
•   fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
•   fastcgi_index index.php;
•   fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name;
•   include fastcgi_params;
• }
• Web VM used NFS to access files from infra VM.
• After the Infra VM is booted and its NFS service is up, the Web VM mounts the NFS file system via test automation software.
• The datastore is mounted on /var/log/httpd
• NFS mount options used: noatime,actimeo=14400,nocto

Application Server VM Notes

• The following boot options were used:
• selinux=0 audit=0 elevator=deadline clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable highres=off watchdog=0
• The following services are disabled:
• abrt-ccpp, abrt-oops, abrtd, atd, auditd, autofs, certmonger, cgconfig, cgred, crond, cups, haldaemon, ip6tables, iptables, irqbalance, kdump, mcelogd, mdmonitor, messagebus, netconsole, nfs, nfslock, numad, oddjobd, portreserve, postfix, psacct, quota_nld, rdisc, restorecond, rhnsd, rhsmcertd, rngd, rpcgssd, rpcsvcgssd, saslauthd, smartd, sssd, svnserve, winbind, ypbind
• The source code for the Intel kernel module i40evf version 2.0.22 was download from the official web site, built with the default configuration options, and installed.
• Created /sbin/ifup-local with the commands: ethtool -C eth0 adaptive-rx off adaptive-tx off rx-usecs 450; ethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on
• root file system options: barrier=0
• The tuned package was installed and activated with the virtual-guest profile.
• The following items were added in /etc/sysctl.conf:
• fs.file-max = 500000
• net.core.somaxconn = 8192
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 500000
• net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
• vm.swappiness = 0
• The following lines were added to /etc/security/limits.conf:
• * soft memlock unlimited
• * hard memlock unlimited
• The following commands were run before the benchmark was started:
• ulimit -n 1048576
• ulimit -u 1000000
• There are two WebSphere profiles, AppSrv01 for SPECjAppServer2004 and AppSrv02 for SPEC Emulator.
• Heap size for AppSrv01 has been changed to 4864 MB.
• The following changes were made to the defaults in run.properties:
• runLO=4
• warmUpStyle = 1
• linearWarmUpPercentage = .60

Mail Server VM Notes

• The following boot options were used:
• selinux=0 audit=0 elevator=deadline clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable highres=off watchdog=0
• The following services are disabled:
• abrt-ccpp, abrt-oops, abrtd, atd, auditd, autofs, certmonger, cgconfig, cgred, crond, cups, haldaemon, ip6tables, iptables, irqbalance, kdump, mcelogd, mdmonitor, messagebus, netconsole, nfs, nfslock, numad, oddjobd, portreserve, postfix, psacct, quota_nld, rdisc, restorecond, rhnsd, rhsmcertd, rngd, rpcgssd, rpcsvcgssd, saslauthd, smartd, sssd, svnserve, winbind, ypbind
• The source code for the Intel kernel module i40evf version 2.0.22 was download from the official web site, built with the default configuration options, and installed.
• Created /sbin/ifup-local with the commands: ethtool -C eth0 adaptive-rx off adaptive-tx off rx-usecs 1000; ethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on
• root file system options: barrier=0,noatime,data=writeback
• The tuned package was installed and activated with the virtual-guest profile.
• The following items were added in /etc/sysctl.conf:
• fs.file-max = 500000
• net.core.somaxconn = 8192
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 500000
• net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
• The following lines were added to /etc/security/limits.conf:
• * soft memlock unlimited
• * hard memlock unlimited
• The following commands were run before the benchmark was started:
• ulimit -n 1048576
• ulimit -u 1000000
• Dovecot was compiled with default options, and the following dovecot.conf was used:
• base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/
• ssl = no
• ssl_cert =
• ssl_key =
• disable_plaintext_auth = no
• listen = *
• log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log
• mail_debug = no
• mail_location = dbox:/mailstore/dovecot/maildir/%u
• mdbox_rotate_size = 8192
• maildir_very_dirty_syncs = yes
• mbox_very_dirty_syncs = yes
• mbox_write_locks = fcntl
• mmap_disable = yes
• mail_fsync = never
• passdb {
•   args = scheme=plain /etc/passwd.dovecot
•   driver = passwd-file
• }
• protocols = imap
• service auth {
•   user = root
• }
• service imap-login {
•   inet_listener imap {
•     port = 143
•   }
•   process_min_avail = 10
•   service_count = 0
• }
• service imap {
•   process_limit = 1024
• }
• userdb {
•   driver = passwd
• }
• dict {
• }

Database Server VM Notes

• The following boot options were used:
• selinux=0 audit=0 elevator=deadline clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable highres=off watchdog=0
• The following services are disabled:
• abrt-ccpp, abrt-oops, abrtd, atd, auditd, autofs, certmonger, cgconfig, cgred, crond, cups, haldaemon, htcacheclean, httpd, ip6tables, iptables, irqbalance, kdump, mcelogd, mdmonitor, messagebus, netconsole, nfs, nfslock, numad, oddjobd, portreserve, postfix, psacct, quota_nld, rdisc, restorecond, rhnsd, rhsmcertd, rngd, rpcgssd, rpcsvcgssd, saslauthd, smartd, sssd, svnserve, winbind, ypbind
• The source code for the Intel kernel module i40evf version 2.0.22 was download from the official web site, built with the default configuration options, and installed.
• Created /sbin/ifup-local with the commands: ethtool -C eth0 adaptive-rx off adaptive-tx off rx-usecs 666; ethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on
• root file system options: noatime,barrier=0,data=writeback
• The tuned package was installed and activated with the virtual-guest profile.
• The following items were added in /etc/sysctl.conf:
• fs.file-max = 500000
• kernel.randomize_va_space=0
• kernel.sem = 500 64000 400 512
• net.core.somaxconn = 32384
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 1000000
• net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
• vm.swappiness = 0
• The following lines were added to /etc/security/limits.conf:
• * soft memlock unlimited
• * hard memlock unlimited
• The following commands were run before the benchmark was started:
• ulimit -n 1048576
• ulimit -u 1000000
• 13312 2MB huge-pages were allocated prior to starting the database instance.
• Database tuning options:
• db2 update db cfg for specdb using DATABASE_MEMORY 6553600
• db2set DB2_LARGE_PAGE_MEM=DB
• db2set DB2_PINNED_BP=ON
• alter bufferpool IBMDEFAULTBP size 5898240
• alter tablespace roll_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace C_cust_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace C_supp_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace C_site_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace C_parts_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace C_custinv_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace M_parts_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace M_bom_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace M_wo_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace M_lo_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace M_inv_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace O_cust_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace O_ords_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace O_ordl_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace O_item_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace S_comp_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace S_sc_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace S_po_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace S_site_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace S_supp_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• alter tablespace U_space NO FILE SYSTEM CACHING
• update database config for specdb using LOGFILSIZ 65536
• update db cfg for specdb using logprimary 64 logsecond 4

Infraserver VM Notes

• The following boot options were used:
• selinux=0 audit=0 elevator=deadline clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable highres=off watchdog=0
• The following services are disabled:
• abrt-ccpp, abrtd, atd, auditd, autofs, certmonger, crond, cups, haldaemon, htcacheclean, httpd, ip6tables, iptables, irqbalance, kdump, mdmonitor, messagebus, netconsole, oddjobd, portreserve, postfix, psacct, quota_nld, rdisc, restorecond, rhnsd, rhsmcertd, rngd, rpcgssd, rpcsvcgssd, saslauthd, smartd, sssd, winbind, ypbind
• The source code for the Intel kernel module i40evf version 2.0.22 was download from the official web site, built with the default configuration options, and installed.
• Created /sbin/ifup-local with the commands: ethtool -C eth0 iadaptive-rx off adaptive-tx off rx-usecs 333; ethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on
• root file system options: noatime,barrier=0,data=writeback
• The tuned package was installed and activated with the virtual-guest profile.
• The following items were added in /etc/sysctl.conf:
• fs.file-max = 500000
• net.core.somaxconn = 81920
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 1500000
• net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse=1
• net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
• net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
• net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
• net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 4
• net.ipv4.tcp_retries2 = 7
• vm.swappiness=0
• The following lines were added to /etc/security/limits.conf:
• * soft memlock unlimited
• * hard memlock unlimited
• The following commands were run before the benchmark was started:
• ulimit -n 1048576
• ulimit -u 1000000
• httpd.conf changes:
• ServerLimit 10240
• MaxClients 10240
• Listen 81
• fcgi package was built from Fedora 14 source RPM, which includes patch to compile with GCC 4.4.
• The following items were added to/etc/httpd/conf/fcgi.conf:
• LoadModule fastcgi_module modules/mod_fastcgi.so
• ScriptAlias /fcgi-bin/ "/var/www/fcgi-bin/"
• FastCgiIpcDir /etc/httpd/fastcgi
• <Directory "/var/www/fcgi-bin">
•   AllowOverride None
•   Options +ExecCGI -Includes
•   SetHandler fastcgi-script
•   Order allow,deny
•   Allow from all
• </Directory>
• AddHandler fastcgi-script fcgi
• FastCgiServer /var/www/fcgi-bin/besim_fcgi.fcgi -processes 50
• Standard Linux NFS server is enabled to serve files to Web VM.
• /etc/exports file contains:
• /support-download *(rw,async,no_subtree_check,crossmnt,no_root_squash)

Batch Server VM Notes

• The following boot options were used:
• selinux=0 audit=0 elevator=deadline clocksource=tsc tsc=reliable highres=off watchdog=0
• The following services are disabled:
• abrt-ccpp, abrt-oops, abrtd, atd, auditd, autofs, certmonger, cgconfig, cgred, crond, cups, haldaemon, ip6tables, iptables, irqbalance, kdump, mcelogd, mdmonitor, messagebus, netconsole, nfs, nfslock, numad, oddjobd, portreserve, postfix, psacct, quota_nld, rdisc, restorecond, rhnsd, rhsmcertd, rngd, rpcgssd, rpcsvcgssd, saslauthd, smartd, sssd, svnserve, winbind, ypbind
• The source code for the Intel kernel module i40evf version 2.0.22 was download from the official web site, built with the default configuration options, and installed.
• root file system options: barrier=0
• The tuned package was installed and activated with the virtual-guest profile.
• The following items were added in /etc/sysctl.conf:
• fs.file-max = 500000
• net.core.somaxconn = 8192
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 500000
• net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1
• net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
• The following lines were added to /etc/security/limits.conf:
• * soft memlock unlimited
• * hard memlock unlimited
• The following commands were run before the benchmark was started:
• ulimit -n 1048576
• ulimit -u 1000000

Client Driver Notes

• Four client systems each host ten prime client VMs. Two client systems each host eleven prime client VMs. One client system hosts the prime controller VM.
• Each prime client VM has 6 VCPUs, 9 GB memory, and a 16 GB disk. 1 ixgbevf and 1 virtio_blk device are used in all client VMs.
• All prime client VMs run Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6.

Power Configuration Notes

• Two of the SUT's four available power distribution units (PDUs) were disconnected from the SUT.
• The power meter was connected to the power cables attached to the two remaining PDUs.
• There is no power meter for external storage because there is no external storage.

Other Notes

• An external 10Gb Lenovo RackSwitch G8264 switch was used to connect the client systems to the system under test (SUT).
• The SUT used the four dual-port 10Gb PCIe NICs for communication with the VMs.
• The SUT NICs and the external client systems are connected to the switch using 10Gb SFP+ DAC cables.
• An external 1Gb Lenovo RackSwitch G8052 switch was used to manage all the systems.
• All systems are connected to the 1Gb switch via a separate cable plugged into a 1Gb port on the system.

Performance Details: